Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-5xszh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-28T16:17:48.740Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

19 - A Review of Work–Family Research in South East Asia

from Part IV - Review of Research in Regions across the Globe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2018

Kristen M. Shockley
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Winny Shen
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo, Ontario
Ryan C. Johnson
Affiliation:
Ohio University
Get access

Summary

In this chapter we review the research on work-family issues in South East (SE) Asia. Although the countries in SE Asia are relatively heterogeneous, they do share some cultural values (e.g., collectivism) that impact the experience of work and family. We focus on labor force composition, government mandated access to parental leave and childcare, and access to different kinds of work for men and women as key factors impacting work-family issues in this region. Our review indicates that the attention to work-family issues is inconsistent across different countries, with a lot of research in India and none that we could find in Nepal. Furthermore, much of the research has focused on work-family conflict rather than work-life conflict and conflict rather than facilitation. Lastly, the research largely focuses on gender differences in the experience of work. Factors that can mitigate the experience of work-family conflict and future research directions are discussed.
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abu-Ghaida, D., & Klasen, S.. (2004). The economic and human development costs of missing the millennium development goal on gender equity. IZA Discussion paper No.1031.Google Scholar
Agarwala, T., Arizkuren-Eleta, A., Del Castillo, M., Muñiz Ferrer, M., & Gartzia, L. (2014). Influence of Managerial Support on Work–life Conflict and Organizational Commitment: An International Comparison for India, Peru and Spain. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25 (10), 14601483, DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2013.870315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akter, K. (2016). Work–life balance strategies and consequences: A few aspects. ASA University Review, 10 (1), 3552.Google Scholar
Allen, T. D., Cho, E., & Meier, L. L. (2014). Work–family boundary dynamics. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1, 99121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amstad, F.T, Laurenz, M. L., Fasel, U., Elfering, A., & Summer, N. K. (2011). A meta-analysis of work–family conflict and various outcomes with a special emphasis on cross-domain versus matching-domain relations. Journal of Occupational Healthy Psychology, 16 (2), pp. 151169.Google Scholar
Annavarjula, M., & Das, D. (2013). Towards a fine balance: Cross Cultural comparison of work–family identities. Journal of Asia-Pacific Business, 14 (1), 4057.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anell, K., & Hartmann, D. (2007). Flexible work arrangements in Asia: What companies are doing, why they are doing it and what lies ahead. Boston College Global Workforce Roundtable Report. Boston College Center for Work & Family: Boston.Google Scholar
Aryee, S., Srinivas, E. S., & Tan, H. H. (2005). Rhythms of life: Antecedents and outcomes of work–family balance in employed parents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (1), 132146.Google Scholar
Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E., & Fugate, M. (2000). All in a day’s work: Boundaries and micro role transitions. Academy of Management Review, 25, 472491.Google Scholar
Asian Development Bank. (2015). Women in the Workforce: An Unmet Potential in Asia and the Pacific. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.Google Scholar
Aycan, Z. (2008). Cross-cultural perspectives to work–family conflict. In Korabik, K. & Lero, D. (Eds.), Handbook of Work–family conflict (pp. 359371). London: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Baird, M., & Whitehouse, G. (2012). Paid parental leave: First birthday policy review. Australian Bulletin of Labour, 38 (3), 184198.Google Scholar
Banerji, A., & Yik, A. (2012). Diversity & inclusion in Asia Country View—India. Community Business Limited.Google Scholar
Baral, R., & Bhargava, S. (2009). Work–family enrichment as a mediator between organizational interventions for work–life balance and job outcomes. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (3), 274300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bardoel, A., & De Cieri, H. (2006). Developing a work–life strategy in a multinational enterprise, A Sloan work and family encyclopedia entry: http://wfnetwork.bc.edu/encyclopedia_entry.php?id=3814&area=AllGoogle Scholar
Bettio, F., & Villa, P.. (1996). Trends and prospects for women’s employment in the 90s: Italy. Report for EC Network on the Situation of Women in the Labor Market. Manchester, UK.Google Scholar
Bhargava, S., & Baral, R. (2009). Antecedents and consequences of work–family enrichment among Indian managers. Psychological Studies, ( 54 ), 213225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bianchi, S.M., & Milkie, M.A. (2010). Work and family research in the first decade of the 21st century. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 705725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brough., P, O’Driscoll, M. P., & Kalliath, T.J. (2005). The ability of ‘family friendly’ organizational resources to predict work–family conflict and job and family satisfaction, Stress and Health, ( 21 ), 223234.Google Scholar
Carlson, D.S., Kacmar, K.M., & Williams, L.J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56 (2), 249276.Google Scholar
Catalyst (2013). Unilever—Global Reach With Local Roots: Creating a Gender-Balanced Workforce in Different Cultural Contexts. New York: Catalyst.Google Scholar
Catalyst (2015). Procter & Gamble—Everyone Valued, Everyone Included, Everyone Performing at Their Peak™. New York: Catalyst.Google Scholar
Chow, I. H., & Chew, I. K. (2006). The effect of alternative work schedules on employee Performance. International Journal of Employment Studies, 14 (1), 105130.Google Scholar
De Cieri, H., & Bardoel, E. A. (2009). What does ‘work–life management’ mean in China and Southeast Asia for MNCs? Community, Work & Family, 12 (2), 179196. doi:10.1080/13668800902778959Google Scholar
Din, M., & Noor, N. (2009). Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms in Malay women. Women and Health, 49, 119.Google Scholar
Erickson, J. J., Martinengo, G., & Hill, J. (2010). Putting work and family experiences in context: Differences by family life stage. Human Relations, 63 (7), 955979Google Scholar
Fang, M., Nastiti, T., & Chen, C. V. (2011). The tug of work and family: a study of the sources of the work–family conflict among Indonesian lecturers. International Journal of Management & Enterprise Development, 11 (2/3/4), 127141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Cooper, M. L. 1992. Antecedents and outcomes of work–family conflict: Testing a model of the work–family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77: 6578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galovan, A. M., Fackrell, T., Buswell, L., Jones, B. L., Hill, E. J., & Carroll, S. J. (2010). The work–family interface in the United States and Singapore: Conflict across cultures. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(5), 646656. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0020832CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gambles, R., Lewis, S., & Rapoport, R. (2006). The Myth of Work–life Balance. The Challenge of Our Time for Men, Women and Societies. John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.Google Scholar
Gender Promotion program of the International Labour Organization (www.ilo.org/actrav/areas)Google Scholar
Grant Thornton. (2014). Women in Business: From classroom to boardroom. Grant Thornton International Business Report 2014.Google Scholar
Hassan, Z., Dollard, M. F., & Winefield, A. H. (2010). Work‐family conflict in East vs Western countries. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 17(1), 3049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hegewisch, A., & Gornick, J. (2011). The impact of work–family policies on women’s employment: a review of research from OECD countries. Community, Work & Family, 14 (2), 1, 119138.Google Scholar
Heymann, J., Raub, A., & Earle, A. (2011). Creating and using new data sources to analyze the relationship between social policy and global health: The case of maternal leave. Public Health Reports, 126(Suppl 3), 127134.Google Scholar
House, R.J., Hanges, P.J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P.W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Jain, R., & Jain, S. (2015). Work–life balance among bank mangers: An empirical study of Indian banks. Abhigyan, 32(4), 1526.Google Scholar
Jhangiani, N. (2016). Why we need to develop women leaders of the future. Livemint, 9 March 2016.Google Scholar
Judge, T. A., Locke, E. A., & Durham, C. C. (1997). The dispositional causes of job satisfaction: A core evaluations approach. Research in Organizational Behavior, 19: 151188.Google Scholar
Kakkar, J., & Bhandari, A. (2016). A study on work–life balance in the Indian service sector from a gender perspective. IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15 (1), 1936.Google Scholar
Kalliath, P., Kalliath, T., & Singh, V. (2011). When work intersects family: A qualitative exploration of the experiences of dual earner couples in India. South Asian Journal of Management, 18 (1), 3759.Google Scholar
Kappagoda, U. S. (2014). Emotional intelligence as a predictor of work–family conflict among school teachers in North Central Province in Sri Lanka. IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13 (3), 5368.Google Scholar
Karwa, M. (2015). How do Indian employees find their work–life balance? DNA. 29 November, 2015.Google Scholar
Kim, J., Lee, J. & Shin, K.. (2015). A Model of Gender Inequality and Economic Growth. ADB Draft Working Paper.Google Scholar
Kodagoda, T. (2010). Work–family stress of women managers: Experience from banking sector in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Management & Enterprise Development, 9 (2), 201211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komarraju, M. (2006). Work–family conflict and sources of support amongst Malaysian dual-career university employees. Asian Academy of Management, 11, 8396.Google Scholar
Kreiner, G. E. (2006). Consequences of work-home segmentation or integration: A person-environment fit perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27, 485507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKinsey and Company (2012). Women Matter: An Asian Perspective. Harnessing female talent to raise corporate performance, www.mckinsey.com, last accessed 31 August 2016.Google Scholar
Michel, J.S., Kotrba, L.M., Mitchelson, J.K., Clark, M.A., & Baltes, B.B. (2011). Antecedents of work–family conflict: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32 (5), 689725.Google Scholar
Namasivayam, K., & Zhao, X. (2007). An investigation of the moderating effects of organizational commitment on the relationships between work–family conflict and job satisfaction among hospitality employees in India. Tourism Management, ( 28 ), 12121223.Google Scholar
Netermeyer, R., Boles, J., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work–family conflict and family-work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81 (4), 400410.Google Scholar
Nippert-Eng, C. (1996). Home and Work: Negotiating Boundaries Through Everyday Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Noor, N. (1999). Roles and women’s well-being: Some preliminary findings from Malaysia. Sex Roles, 41, 123145.Google Scholar
Noor, N. (2002a). Work–family conflict, locus of control, and women’s well-being: Tests of alternative pathways. The Journal of Social Psychology, 12 (5), 645662.Google Scholar
Noor, N. (2002b). The moderating effect of spouse support on the relationship between work variables and women’s work–family conflict. Psychologia, 45, 1223CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noor, N. (2006). Locus of control, supportive workplace policies and work–family conflict. Psychologia, 4860.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noor, N., & Zainuddin, M. (2011). Emotional labor and burnout among female teachers: Work–family conflict as mediator. Asian Journal of Social Psychology.Google Scholar
Ollo-Lopez, A., & Goni-Legaz, S. (2015). Differences in work–family conflict: which individual and national factors explain them? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pal, S., & Saksvik, P. (2006). A comparative study of work and family conflict in Norwegian and Indian hospitals. Nordic Psychology, 58 (4), 298314.Google Scholar
Pal, S., & Saksvik, P. (2008). Work–family conflict and psychosocial work environment stressors as predictors of job stress in a cross-cultural study. International Journal of Stress Management, 15 (1), 2242.Google Scholar
Pattusamy, M., & Jacob, J. (2015). A test of Greenhouse and Allen (2011) model on work–family balance. Current Psychology: A Journal For Diverse Perspectives On Diverse Psychological Issues, doi:10.1007/s12144-015-9400-4Google Scholar
Poelmans, S.A.Y., & Chinchilla, N., & Cardona, P. (2003). Family-friendly HRM policies and the employment relationship, International Journal of Manpower, 24, 128147.Google Scholar
Powell, G.N, Francesco, A.M., & Ling, Y. (2009). Toward culture-sensitive theories of the work–family interface. Journal of Organizational Behaviour ( 30 ), 597616.Google Scholar
Rajadhyaksha, U. (2012), Work–life balance in South East Asia: the Indian experience, South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 1 , (1), 108127.Google Scholar
Rathore, and Sachitanand, , (2007). Winning Them Over: It’s an Equal World. Business Today. June 17.Google Scholar
Rothausen, J. T., Gonzalez, A. J., & Griffin, A. (2009). Are all the parts there everywhere? Facet job satisfaction in the United States and the Phillipines. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 26, 681700.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Retherford, R. D., Westley, S. B., Minja, C. K., Brown, T., Mason, A., & Mishra, V. K. (2002). The Future of Population in Asia. Honolulu, HI: East-West Center. doi: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/3403.Google Scholar
Shaffer, M. A., Joplin, J., Hsu, Y.S. (2011). Expanding the boundaries of work–family research: A review and agenda for future research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 11 (2), 221268.Google Scholar
Shockley, K.M., & Singla, N. (2011). Reconsidering work–family interactions and satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 37, 861886.Google Scholar
Singh, V. (2013). Exploring the concept of work across generations. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 11(3), 272285. doi:10.1080/15350770.2013.810498Google Scholar
Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., Poelman, S., Allen, T., O’Driscoll, M., Sanchez, J, Lu, L. (2004). A cross-national comparative study of work–family stressors, working hours and well-being: China and Latin America versus the Anglo world. Personnel Psychology, 57, 119212.Google Scholar
Srivastava, U., & Srivastava, S. (2012). Outcomes of work–family conflict among Indian information technology (IT) professionals. Social Science International, 28 (1), 137158.Google Scholar
The Council for Gender Equality. Specialist Committee on the Declining Birthrate and Gender-Equal Participation. International Comparison of the Social Environment regarding the Declining Birth Rates and Gender-Equality. Summary Report. www.gender.go.jp/english_contents/basic_data/resarches/pdf/english-1.pdfGoogle Scholar
Wang, P., Lawler, J., & Shi, K. (2011) Implementing family-friendly employment practices in banking industry: Evidences from some African and Asian countries. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 84, 493517.Google Scholar
World Bank Group. (2015). Women, Business and the Law 2016: Getting to Equal. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
World Economic Forum (2016). The Global Gender Gap Report. http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2016/. Last accessed 6 January 2017.Google Scholar
Yang, N. (2005). Individualism-collectivism and work–family interface: A Sino-US comparison. In Poelmans, S. A. Y. (Ed.), Work and Family: An International Research Perspective (pp. 287319). London: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Yang, N., Chen, C. C., Choi, J., & Zou, Y. M.. (2000). Sources of Work–Family Conflict: A Sino-US Comparison of the Effects of Work and Family Demands. Academy of Management Journal, 43 (1), 113123.Google Scholar
Yang, N., & Hawkins, A. (2004). A Cross-Cultural Test of the Work–family Interface in 48 Countries. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 13001316.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×