Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Gross anatomy of the brain
- 3 Histology
- 4 Occipital and parietal lobes
- 5 Temporal lobe – neocortical structures
- 6 Frontal lobe
- 7 Basal ganglia
- 8 Diencephalon: hypothalamus and epithalamus
- 9 Diencephalon: thalamus
- 10 Brainstem
- 11 Limbic system: temporal lobe
- 12 Limbic system: cingulate cortex
- 13 Limbic system: overview
- 14 Interhemispheric connections and laterality
- Index
- Plate section
- References
5 - Temporal lobe – neocortical structures
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 August 2009
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Gross anatomy of the brain
- 3 Histology
- 4 Occipital and parietal lobes
- 5 Temporal lobe – neocortical structures
- 6 Frontal lobe
- 7 Basal ganglia
- 8 Diencephalon: hypothalamus and epithalamus
- 9 Diencephalon: thalamus
- 10 Brainstem
- 11 Limbic system: temporal lobe
- 12 Limbic system: cingulate cortex
- 13 Limbic system: overview
- 14 Interhemispheric connections and laterality
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Emil Kraepelin (1919) suggested that abnormalities in the frontal lobe were responsible for problems in reasoning and that damage to the temporal lobe resulted in delusions and hallucinations in patients with dementia praecox (schizophrenia). The classical findings of Kluver and Bucy in the 1930s clearly and strongly linked the temporal lobes to behavior. Their work provided the basis from which the concept of the limbic system has developed.
The temporal lobe can be divided into two regions: lateral and ventromedial. The lateral region supports cognitive functions associated with several sensory systems. It is recognized as neocortex and is the focus of this chapter. The ventromedial region of the temporal lobe contains major portions of the limbic system and thus contributes significantly to emotional tone. The ventromedial, limbic temporal lobe is discussed in Chapter 11.
It is now accepted that dysfunction of the dorsolateral region of the temporal lobe may be associated with several psychopathological states. Temporal lobe lesions due to a variety of neurological insults can lead a patient to present with signs and symptoms that are more consistent with a psychiatric diagnosis than with a traditional neurological one.
Anatomy and behavioral considerations
The temporal lobe lies ventral to the lateral fissure (of Sylvius) and the parietal lobe. It is rostral to the occipital lobe (Figure 5.1). The superior temporal sulcus and the lateral fissure lie above the superior temporal gyrus and are particularly deep.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Brain and BehaviorAn Introduction to Behavioral Neuroanatomy, pp. 53 - 69Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2005