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16 - Prosopagnosia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 October 2009

By
Eugene Mayer  and
Bruno Rossion
Edited by
Olivier Godefroy  and
Julien Bogousslavsky
Eugene Mayer
Affiliation:
University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
Bruno Rossion
Affiliation:
University of Louvain, Belgium
Olivier Godefroy
Affiliation:
Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens
Julien Bogousslavsky
Affiliation:
Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
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Summary

General presentation of the disorder

Prosopagnosia is classically defined as an inability to recognize faces of people known to the patient on the basis of visual perception, despite the absence of low-level visual impairments, or cognitive alterations such as mental confusion or amnesia, with a preserved ability to recognize people through other cues: voice or other visual traits such as gait, size, clothes, or even facial features (moustache, scar, blemish) or accessories (ear-rings, eyeglasses). Prosopagnosics also have access to semantic knowledge concerning people.

According to Grüsser and Landis (1991), this condition seems to have been first described by Wigan (1844), in a book in which he expressed his views on the interaction of the two cerebral hemispheres. Wigan stated (pp. 128–9):

A gentleman of middle age, or a little past that period, lamented to me his utter inability to remember faces. He would converse with a person for an hour, but after an interval of a day could not recognise him again. Even friends, with whom he had been engaged in business transactions, he was unconscious of ever having seen (…) it was not till he heard the voice, that he could recognise men with whom he had constant intercourse (…) When I inquire more fully into the matter, I found that there was no defect in vision, except that his eyes were weak, and that any long continued employment of them gave him pain (…). He was quite determined to conceal it, if possible, and it was impossible to convince him that it did not depend solely on the eyes.

Type
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Information
The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke , pp. 315 - 334
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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References

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  • Prosopagnosia
  • Edited by Olivier Godefroy, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, Julien Bogousslavsky, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Book: The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
  • Online publication: 10 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544880.017
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  • Prosopagnosia
  • Edited by Olivier Godefroy, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, Julien Bogousslavsky, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Book: The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
  • Online publication: 10 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544880.017
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  • Prosopagnosia
  • Edited by Olivier Godefroy, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, Julien Bogousslavsky, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland
  • Book: The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
  • Online publication: 10 October 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544880.017
Available formats
×