Book contents
- Synopsis of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Related Systemic Disorders
- Synopsis of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Related Systemic Disorders
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Section 1 Diagnostics
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W
- X
- Z
- Section 2 Medication Adverse Effects
- Index
- References
H
from Section 1 - Diagnostics
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 May 2019
Book contents
- Synopsis of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Related Systemic Disorders
- Synopsis of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Related Systemic Disorders
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Section 1 Diagnostics
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W
- X
- Z
- Section 2 Medication Adverse Effects
- Index
- References
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Synopsis of Neurology, Psychiatry and Related Systemic Disorders , pp. 240 - 294Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2019
References
Livorsi, DJ, MacNeil, JR, Cohn, AC, et al. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae in the United States, 1999–2008: epidemiology and outcomes. J Infect. 2012; 65: 496–504.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Haemophilus influenzae type B. In Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases. 13th ed. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2015. pp. 119–33.
Agrawal, A, Murphy, TF. Haemophilus influenzae infections in the H. influenzae type b conjugate vaccine era. J Clin Microbiol. 2011; 49: 3728–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cugati, G, Singh, M, Pande, A, Ramamurthi, R, Vasudevan, MC. Hand Schuller Christian disease. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2011; 32(3): 183–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacquet, G, Plouvier, E, Billerey, C, Godard, J, Steimle, R. [Hand-Schüller-Christian disease with tumor localization in the posterior fossa]. Presse Med. 1988; 17(17): 855–7.Google Scholar
Khristov, V, Manov, A, Apostolov, P, Kolebinov, N, Nachev, S. [Long-term observation of a case of Hand-Schüller-Christian disease]. Vutr Boles. 1989; 28(5): 87–91.Google Scholar
Zaletel, K, Gaberšček, S. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: from genes to the disease. Curr Genom. 2011; 12(8): 576–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ju, C, Zhang, L. Diplopia in a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017; 96(26): e7330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mocellin, R, Walterfang, M, Velakoulis, D. Hashimoto's encephalopathy: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. CNS Drugs. 2007; 21(10): 799–811.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Souza, PV, Bortholin, T, Pinto, WB, Santos, AJ. Progressive hearing loss and cerebellar ataxia in anti-Ma2-associated autoimmune encephalitis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2017; 75(1): 74–5. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20160169CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piantanida, E, Gallo, D, Lombardi, V, et al. Pituitary apoplexy during pregnancy: a rare, but dangerous headache. J Endocrinol Invest. 2014; 37(9): 789–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schoen, JC, Campbell, RL, Sadosty, AT. Headache in pregnancy: an approach to emergency department evaluation and management. West J Emerg Med. 2015; 16(2): 291–301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vetvik, KG, MacGregor, EA. Sex differences in the epidemiology, clinical features, and pathophysiology of migraine. Lancet Neurol. 2017; 16(1): 76–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Von Wald, T, Walling, AD. Headache during pregnancy. Obstet & Gyn Survey. 2002; 57(3): 179–85.Google ScholarPubMed
Acikalin, MF, Oner, U, Tel, N, Paşaoğlu, O, Altinel, F. Supratentorial hemangioblastoma: a case report and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127(9): e382–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Lonser, RR, Butman, JA, Huntoon, K, et al. Prospective natural history study of central nervous system hemangioblastomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease. J Neurosurg. 2014; 120(5): 1055–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Na, JH, Kim, HS, Eoh, W, et al. Spinal cord hemangioblastoma: diagnosis and clinical outcome after surgical treatment. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2007; 42(6): 436–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alarcon, F, Zijlmans, JC, Duenas, G, Cevallos, N. Post-stroke movement disorders: report of 56 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004; 75: 1568–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ching, LP, Chin, KP, Wah, ESA. Hyperglycemia-associated hemichorea-hemiballism: the spectrum of clinical presentation. Intern Med. 2015; 54(15): 1881–4.Google Scholar
Ghika-Schmid, F, Ghika, J, Regli, F, Bogousslavsky, J. Hyperkinetic movement disorders during and after acute stroke: the Lausanne Stroke Registry. J Neurol Sci. 1997; 146: 109–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Handley, A, Medcalf, P, Hellier, K, Dutta, D. Movement disorders after stroke. Age Ageing. 2009; 38: 260–66.Google ScholarPubMed
Kim, JS. Delayed onset mixed involuntary movements after thalamic stroke. Clinical, radiological and pathophysiological findings. Brain. 2001; 124: 299–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bordini, C, Antonaci, F, Stovner, LJ, Schrader, H, Sjaastad, O. “Hemicrania continua”: a clinical review. Headache. 1991; 31: 20–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cittadini, E, Goadsby, PJ. Update on hemicrania continua. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2011; 15: 51–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Medina, JL, Diamond, S. Cluster headache variant: spectrum of a new headache syndrome. Arch Neurol. 1981; 38: 705–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tan, NC, et al. Hemifacial spasm and involuntary facial movements. QJM. 2002; 95(8): 493–500.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, HJ, Jeon, BS, Lee, KW. Hemimasticatory spasm associated with localized scleroderma and facial hemiatrophy. Arch Neurol. 2000; 57(4): 576–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buchman, AS, Goetz, CG, Klawans, HL. Hemiparkinsonism with hemiatrophy. Neurology. 1988; 38: 527–30.Google ScholarPubMed
Giladi, N, Burke, RE, Kostic, V, et al. Hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome: clinical and neuroradiologic features. Neurology. 1990; 40(11): 1731–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klawans, HL. Hemiparkinsonism as a late complication of hemiatrophy: a new syndrome. Neurology. 1981; 31: 625–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wijemanne, S, Jankovic, J. Hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome. Neurology. 2007; 69(16): 1585–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noris, M, Remuzzi, G. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol JASN. 2005; 16: 1035–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loirat, C, Frémeaux-Bacchi, V. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2011; 6: 60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Inamasu, J, Nakamura, Y, Saito, R, et al. Hemorrhagic brain abscess in infective endocarditis. Emerg Radiol. 2001; 8: 308. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00011929.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thamburaj, K, Agarwal, AK, Sabat, SB, Nguyen, DT. Hemorrhage in the wall of pyogenic brain abscess on susceptibility weighted MR sequence: a report of 3 cases. Case Rep Radiol. 2014: Article ID 907584. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/907584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berger, C, et al. Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic brain tissue: asymptomatic or symptomatic? Stroke. 2001; 32: 1330–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, J, et al. Hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral infarction: current concepts and challenges. Ann Transl Med. 2014; 2(8): 81.Google ScholarPubMed
Kondziolka, D, Bernstein, M, Resch, L, et al. Significance of hemorrhage into brain tumors: clinicopathological study. J Neurosurg. 1987; 67(6): 852–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lieu, AS, Hwang, SL, Howng, SL, Chai, CY. Brain tumors with hemorrhage. J Formos Med Assoc. 1999; 98(5): 365–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Wakai, S, Yamakawa, K, Manaka, S, Takakura, K. Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage caused by brain tumor: its incidence and clinical significance. Neurosurgery. 1982; 10(4): 437–44.Google ScholarPubMed
Bérubé, MD, Blais, N, Lanthier, S. Neurological manifestations of Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014; 120: 1101–11. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4087-0.00074-7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caplan, LR, ed. Uncommon causes of stroke. 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2010.Google Scholar
Garzoni, L, et al. Nervous system dysfunction in Henoch-Schonlein syndrome: systematic review of the literature. Rheum (Oxford). 2009; 48(12): 1524–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Alving, BM. How I treat heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. Blood. 2003; 101: 31–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Datar, S, Wijdicks, EF. Neurologic manifestations of acute liver failure. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014; 120: 645–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fridman, V, Galetta, SL, Pruitt, AA, Levine, JM. MRI findings associated with acute liver failure. Neurology. 2009; 72(24): 2130–1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, H. Neurologic manifestations of acute and chronic liver disease. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2014; 20(3 Neurology of Systemic Disease): 670–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Wijdicks, EF, Hocker, SE. Neurologic complications of liver transplantation. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014; 121: 1257–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wijdicks, EF, Plevak, DJ, Wiesner, RH, Steers, JL. Causes and outcome of seizures in liver transplant recipients. Neurology. 1996; 47(6): 1523–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cocito, D, Maule, S, Paolasso, I, et al. High prevalence of neuropathies in patients with end-stage liver disease. Acta Neurol Scand. 2010; 122(1): 36–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferro, JM, Oliveira, S. Neurologic manifestations of gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2014; 14(10): 487.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sureka, B, Bansal, K, Patidar, Y, et al. Neurologic manifestations of chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2015; 44(5): 449–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Utku, U, Asil, T, Balci, K, et al. Hepatic myelopathy with spastic paraparesis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2005; 107(6): 514–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, H. Neurologic manifestations of acute and chronic liver disease. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2014; 20(3 Neurology of Systemic Disease): 670–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Wijdicks, EF, Hocker, SE. Neurologic complications of liver transplantation. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014; 121: 1257–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sellner, J, Steiner, I. Neurologic complications of hepatic viruses. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014; 123: 647–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acharya, JN, Pacheco, VH. Neurologic complications of hepatitis C. Neurologist. 2008; 14(3): 151–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sellner, J, Steiner, I. Neurologic complications of hepatic viruses. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014; 123: 647–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thames, AD, Castellon, SA, Singer, EJ, et al. Neuroimaging abnormalities, neurocognitive function, and fatigue in patients with hepatitis C. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2015; 2(1): e59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yong, HT, Son, R. Hepatitis A virus: a general overview. Int Food Res J. 2009; 16: 455–67.Google Scholar
Lee, JJ, Kang, K, Park, JM, Kwon, O, Kim, BK. Encephalitis associated with acute hepatitis A. J Epilepsy Res. 2011; 1: 27–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bromberg, K, NewHall, DN, Peter, G. Hepatitis A and meningoencephalitis. JAMA. 1982; 247: 815.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mathew, T, Aroor, S, Nadig, R, Sarma, G. Focal meningoencephalitis of hepatitis A: a clinico-radiologic picture. Pediatr Neurol. 2012; 47: 222–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chonmaitree, P, Methawasin, K. Transverse myelitis in acute hepatitis A infection: the rare co-occurrence of hepatology and neurology. Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2016; 10: 44–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stubgen, JP. Neuromuscular complications of hepatitis A virus infection and vaccines. J Neurol. Sci. 2011; 300: 2–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dienstag, JL. Hepatitis B virus infection. N Eng J Med. 2008; 359: 486–500.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guillevin, L, Lhote, F, Cohen, P, et al. Polyarteritis nodosa related to hepatitis B virus. A prospective study of long term observation of 41 patients. Medicine. 1995; 74: 238–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guillevin, L, Mahr, A, Callard, P, et al. Hepatitis B virus-associated polyarteritis nodosa: clinical characteristics, outcome and impact of treatment in 115 patients. Medicine. 2005; 84: 313–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wada, Y, Yanagihara, C, Nishimura, Y, Oka, N. Hepatitis B virus-related vasculitis manifesting as severe neuropathy following influenza vaccination. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008; 110: 750–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Verma, R, Lalla, R, Babu, S. Mononeuritis multiplex and painful ulcers as the initial manifestation of hepatitis B infection. BMJ Case Rep. 2013: 1–4. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013- 009666Google ScholarPubMed
Fleischer, RD, Lok, ASF. Myopathy and neuropathy with nucleo(t)ide analog therapy for hepatitis B. J Hepatol. 2009; 51: 787–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stubgen, JP. Neuromuscular disorders associated with hepatitis B virus infection. J Clin Neuromusc Dis. 2011; 13: 26–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baig, S, Alamgir, M. The extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis B virus. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008; 18: 451–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Mathew, S, Faheem, M, Ibrahim, SM, et al. Hepatitis C virus and neurological damage. World J Hepatol. 2016; 8: 545–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adinolfi, LE, Nevola, R, Lus, G, et al. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and neurological and psychiatric disorders: An overview. World J Gastroenterol. 2015; 21: 2269–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Monaco, S, Ferrari, S, Gajofatto, A, Zanusso, G, Mariotto, S. HCV-related nervous system disorders. Clin Developmental Immunol. 2012; 2012: 236148. DOI: 10.1155/236148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hehir, MK 2nd, Logigian, EL. Infectious neuropathies. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2014; 20(5 Peripheral Nervous System Disorders): 1274–92.Google ScholarPubMed
Stubgen, JP. Neuromuscular disorders associated with hepatitis B virus infection. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis. 2011; 13(1): 26–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stubgen, JP. Neuromuscular diseases associated with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis. 2011; 13(1): 14–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katirji, B, Kaminski, HJ, Ruff, RL. Neuromuscular disorders in clinical practice. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag New York; 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathis, S, Goizet, C, Tazir, M, et al. Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases: an update and some new proposals for the classification. J Med Genet. 2015; 52(10): 681–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, LJ, Saporta, AS, Sottile, SL, et al. Strategy for genetic testing in Charcot-Marie-disease. Acta Myol. 2011; 30(2): 109–16.Google ScholarPubMed
Plante-Bordeneuve, V, Said, G. Dejerine-Sottas disease and hereditary demyelinating polyneuropathy of infancy. Muscle Nerve. 2002; 26(5): 608–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
US Department of Health and Human Services. Genetics Home Reference. Refsum disease. 2016. Available from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/refsum-disease. Accessed Aug 24, 2018.
Fink, JK. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical principles and genetic advances. Semin Neurol. 2014; 34(3): 293–305.Google ScholarPubMed
Katirji, B, Kaminski, HJ, Ruff, RL. Neuromuscular disorders in clinical practice. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag New York; 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, E. Pure hereditary spastic paraplegia. J Med Genet. 1997; 34(6): 499–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salinas, S, Provkakis, C, Crosby, A, Warner, TT. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: Clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7(12): 1127–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Windsor, RE. Frequency of asymptomatic cervical disc protrusion. Cervical disc injuries. eMedicine; 2006. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/93635-overview. Accessed Aug 14, 2018.
Sahrakar, K. Lumbar disc disease. Medscape. Updated Dec 12, 2017. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/249113-overview. Accessed Aug 24, 2018.
Enevoldson, T. Recreational drugs and their neurological consequences. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004; 75: iii9–iii15. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.045732.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Habal, R. Heroin toxicity. Medscape. Updated Dec 26, 2017. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/166464-overview#a6. Accessed Aug 14, 2018.
Neuromuscular Disease Center. Myotoxic myopathy. http://neuromuscular.wustl.edu/mother/myotox.htm. Accessed Aug 14, 2018.
Pascual Calvet, J, Pou, A, Pedro-Botet, J, Gutiérrez Cebollada, J. [Non-infective neurologic complications associated to heroin use.] Arch Neurobiol (Madr). 1989; 52(Suppl 1): 155–61.Google ScholarPubMed
The Discovery House. The truth about marijuana abuse vs. heroin addiction. April 20, 2015. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/truth-marijuana-abuse-vs-heroin-addiction-the-discovery-house. Accessed Aug 14, 2018.
American Addiction Centers. Heroin withdrawal timeline, symptoms and treatment.http://americanaddictioncenters.org/withdrawal-timelines-treatments/heroin/. Accessed Aug 8, 2018.
Options Behavioral Health System. Heroin abuse & addiction treatment. 2018. www.optionsbehavioralhealthsystem.com/addiction/heroin. Accessed Aug 24, 2018.
Bradley, H, Markowitz, LE, Gibson, T, McGuillan, GM. Seroprevalence of herpes virus type 1 and 2 – United States, 1999–2010. J Infect Dis. 2014; 209(3): 325–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradshaw, MJ, Venkatesan, A. Herpes simplex virus-1 encephalitis in adults: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Neurotherapeutics. 2016; 13(3): 493–508.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, TD, Fugate, JE, Rabinstein, AA. The spectrum of acute encephalitis: causes, management, and predictors of outcome. Neurology. 2015; 84: 359–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bradley, H, Markowitz, LE, Gibson, T, McGuillan, GM. Seroprevalence of herpes virus type 1 and 2 – United States, 1999–2010. J Infect Dis. 2014; 209(3): 325–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, RJ, Houff, S. Neurologic complications of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. Arch Neurol. 2008; 65: 596–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zis, P, Stritsou, P, Angelidakis, P, Tavernarakis, A. Herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis as a cause of ischemic stroke: case report and systematic review of the literature. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016; 25(2): 335–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gilden, D, Nagel, M, Cohrs, R, Mahalingam, R, Baird, N. Varicella zoster virus in the nervous system. F1000Res 2015a; 4. PMID 26918131CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitley, RJ. Varicella-zoster virus. In Mandell, GL, Bennett, JE, Dolin, R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. 4th ed. New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1995. pp. 1345–51.Google Scholar
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Public Health Statement for n-Hexane. Jan 21, 2015. Available from: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp?id=391&tid=68. Accessed Aug 30, 2018.
Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels; Committee on Toxicology; Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology; Division on Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Hexane: acute exposure guideline levels. Vol 14. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US); Apr 26, 2013. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK201488/. Accessed Aug 30, 2018.
Brown, GD, Swanson, EA, Nercessian, OA. Neurologic injuries after total hip arthroplasty. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2008; 37(4): 191–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Schmalzried, TP, Noordin, S, Amstutz, HC. Update on nerve palsy associated with total hip replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1997; 344: 188–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hariri, OR, Minasian, T, Quadri, SA, et al. Histoplasmosis with deep CNS involvement: case presentation with discussion and literature review. J Neurol Surg Rep. 2015; 76(1): e167–72. DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1554932.Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, EA, Roos, KL. Medlink Neurology. Histoplasmosis of the nervous system. Originally released Aug 11, 2005; last updated Jan 4, 2016. www.medlink.com/article/histoplasmosis_of_the_nervous_system. Accessed Aug 30, 2018.
Benjamin, LA. HIV infection and stroke: current perspectives and future directions. Lancet Neurol. 2012; 11(10): 878–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maartens, G, et al. HIV infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention. Lancet. 2014; 384(9939): 258–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NIH. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents living with HIV. Updated Oct 17, 2017. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/1/adult-and-adolescent-arv-guidelines/31/adverse-effects-of-arv. Accessed Aug 16, 2018.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
Grisham, JR, Frost, RO, Steketee, G, et al. Age of onset of compulsive hoarding. J Anxiety Disord. 2006; 20(5): 675–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landau, D, Iervolino, AC, Pertusa, A, et al. Stressful life events and material deprivation in hoarding disorder. J Anxiety Disord. 2011; 25(2): 192–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nordsletten, AE, Reichenberg, A, Hatch, SL, et al. Epidemiology of hoarding disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2013; 203: 445.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pertusa, A, Frost, RO, Fullana, MA, et al. Refining the diagnostic boundaries of compulsive hoarding: a critical review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2010; 30(4): 371–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samuels, J, Bienvenu, OJ 3rd, Pinto, A, et al. Hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder: results from the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study. Behav Res Ther. 2007; 45(4): 673–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bahatia, P, Singh, N. Homocysteine excess: delineating the possible mechanism of neurotoxicity and depression. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2015; 29(6): 522–8.Google Scholar
Kang, SS, Wong, PW, Susmano, A, et al. Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: an inherited risk factor for coronary artery disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1991; 48(3): 536–45.Google ScholarPubMed
Yoo, JH, Chung, CS, Kang, SS. Relation of plasma homocysteine to cerebral infarction and cerebral atherosclerosis. Stroke. 1998; 29(12): 2478–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bahatia, P, Singh, N. Homocysteine excess: delineating the possible mechanism of neurotoxicity and depression. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2015; 29(6): 522–8.Google Scholar
Walter, J, Jahnke, N. Newborn screen for homocystinuria. Cochrane Database System Rev. Oct 2015. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008840.pub4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoo, JH, Chung, CS, Kang, SS. Relation of plasma homocysteine to cerebral infarction and cerebral atherosclerosis. Stroke. 1998; 29(12): 2478–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liedholm, LJ, Eeg-Olofsson, O, Ekenberg, BE, Nicolaysen, RB, Torbergsen, T. Acute postasthmatic amyotrophy (Hopkins' syndrome). Muscle Nerve. 1994; 17(7): 769–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuzaki, T, Nakagawa, M, Nagai, M, et al. HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like manifestations. J Neurovirol. 2000; 6(6): 544–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oger, J, Reder, AT. HTLV-1 associated myelopathy. Medlink Neurology. Originally released April 3, 2001; last updated June 9, 2016. www.medlink.com/article/htlv-1_associated_myelopathy. Accessed Aug 16, 2018.
Olindo, S, Cabre, P, Lezin, A, et al. Natural history of human T-lymphotropic virus 1-associated myelopathy: a 14-year follow-up study. Arch Neurol. 2006; 63(11): 1560–6. PMID 17101824.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Agut, H. Deciphering the clinical impact of acute human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections. J Clin Virol. 2011; 52(3): 164–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pellett, PE, Ablashi, DV, Ambros, PF, et al. Chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6: questions and answers. Rev Med Virol. 2012; 22(3): 144–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wheeless, CR. Wheeless' textbook of orthopaedics. [Internet] Duke University Medical Center's Division of Orthopedic Surgery and Data Trace Internet Publishing, LLC; 2015. Available from www.wheelessonline.com/. Accessed Aug 30, 2018.Google Scholar
Hout, P, Levesque, M, Parent, A. The fate of striatal dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea. Brain. 2007; 130(1): 222–32.Google Scholar
Nopoulos, PC, Aylward, EH, Ross, CA, et al. Cerebral cortex structure in prodromal Huntington disease. 2010; 40(3): 544–54.CrossRef
Pringsheim, T, Wiltshire, K, Day, L, et al. The incidence and prevalence of Huntington's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mov Disord. 2012; 27(9): 1083–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salpietro, V, Polizzi, A, Di Rosa, G, et al. Adrenal disorders and the paediatric brain: pathophysiological considerations and clinical implications. Int J Endocrinol. 2014; 2014: 282489.Google ScholarPubMed
Sharma, V, Borah, P, Basumatary, LJ, et al. Myopathies of endocrine disorders: a prospective clinical and biochemical study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2014; 17: 298–302.Google ScholarPubMed
Sweeney, AT, Griffing, GT. Pheochromocytoma. eMedicine. August 2, 2011. Available from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/124059-overview. Accessed Aug 30, 2018.
DeWolfe, JL, Knowlton, RC, Beasley, MT, et al. Hyperammonemia following intravenous valproate loading. Epilepsy Res. 2009; 85(1): 65–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haeberle, J, Boddaert, N, Burlina, A, et al. Suggested guidelines for the diagnosis and management of urea cycle disorders. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2012; 7(1): 32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lichter-Konecki, U, Mangin, JM, Gordish-Dressman, H, Hoffman, EP, Gallo, V. Gene expression profiling of astrocytes from hyperammonemic mice reveals altered pathways for water and potassium homeostasis in vivo. Glia. 2008; 56(4): 365–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Durrington, HJ, Flubacher, M. Initial oxygen management in patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. QJM. 2005; 98(7): 499–504.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pal, P, Chen, R. Breathing and the nervous system. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 3–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roufosse, FE, Goldman, M, Cogan, E. Hypereosinophilic syndromes. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007; 2: 37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, D, Ahn, T-B. Central nervous system involvement of hypereosinophilic syndrome: a report of 10 cases and a literature review. J Neurol Sci. 2014; 347: 281–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ducat, L, Philipson, LH, Anderson, BJ. The mental health comorbidities of diabetes. JAMA. 2014; 312(7): 691–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dyck, PJ, Kratz, KM, Karnes, JL, et al. The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy in a population-based cohort: The Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study. Neurology. 1993; 43: 817.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, JL, Vincent, AM, Cheng, HT, Feldman, EL. Diabetic neuropathy: mechanisms to management. Pharmacol Ther. 2008; 120(1): 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ewing, DJ. Recent advances in the non-invasive investigation of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. In Bannister, R, ed. Autonomic failure. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1988. p. 667.Google Scholar
Wilbourn, AJ. Diabetic entrapment and compression neuropathies. In Dyck, PJ, Thomas, PK, eds. Diabetic neuropathy, 2nd ed. Toronto: WB Saunders; 1999. p. 481.Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014.
Lonn, E, Yusuf, S, Arnold, MJ, et al. Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2006; 354: 1567–77.Google Scholar
Wierzbicki, AS. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: a review of the evidence. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007; 4: 143–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldman, L, Schafer, A. Muscle diseases. In Goldman's Cecil medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011. Chapter 429.Google Scholar
Kerchner, G, Ptacek, L. Channelopathies: episodic and electrical disorders of the nervous system. In Daroff, RB, et al., eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. Chapter 64.Google Scholar
Moxley, R, Heatwole, C. Channelopathies. In Swaiman, KF, ed. Swaiman's pediatric neurology: principles and practice. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. pp. 1667–89.Google Scholar
Riggs, J. Neurologic complications of electrolytes disturbances. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. 5th ed. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 317–26.Google Scholar
Hay, O, Dar, G, Abbas, J, et al. The lumbar lordosis in males and females, revisited. Plos One. Aug 24, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133685.Google ScholarPubMed
Riggs, J. Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances. Neurol Clin. 2002; 20: 227–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riggs, J. Neurologic complications of electrolyte disturbances. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 317–26.Google Scholar
Riggs, J. Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances. Neurol Clin. 2002; 20: 227–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riggs, J. Neurologic complications of electrolyte disturbances. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 317–26.Google Scholar
Brown, R, Fischman, A, Showalter, C. Primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia, paranoid deluisons, homicide and attempted murder. J Foren Sci. 1987; 32(4): 1460–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuleihan, G, Silverberg, S. Primary hyperparathyroidism: Clinical manifestations. UpToDate. 2015. Available from www.uptodate.com/contents/primary-hyperparathyroidism-clinical-manifestations. Accessed Aug 16, 2018.
Lockwood, A. Toxic and metabolic encephalopathies. In Daroff, RB, et al., eds. Bradley's neurology in clinical practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. Chapter 56.Google Scholar
Schipper, H, Jay, C, Abrams, G. Sex hormone, pituitary, parathyroid, and adrenal disorders and the nervous system. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. 5th ed. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 369–397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wysolmerski, J, Insogna, K. The parathyroid glands, hypercalcemia, and hypocalcemia. In Goldman's Cecil medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011. Chapter 253.Google Scholar
Catli, G, Abaci, A, Altincik, A. Hyperprolactinemia in children: clinical features and long-term results. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 25(11–12): 1123–8. DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ou, H-Y, Hsiao, S-H, Yu, EH, Wu, T-J. Etiologies and clinical manifestations of hyperprolactinemia in a medical center in Southern Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacy National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
Wong, A, Eloy, JA, Couldwell, WT, Liu, JK. Update on prolactinomas. Part 1: Clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges. J Clin Neurosci. 2015; 22(10): 1562–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.03.058.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zahajszky, J, Quinn, DK, Smith, FA, et al. Cognitive and perceptual disturbances in a young man. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2007; 9: 59–63. [PMC free article][PubMed].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biller, J. The interface of neurology and internal medicine. Philadephia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. 2007.Google Scholar
Biller, J. The interface of neurology and internal medicine. Philadephia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. 2007.Google Scholar
Hollowell, JG, Staehling, NW, Flanders, WD, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87(2): 489–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asvold, BO, Bjøro, T, Nilsen, TI, Vatten, LJ. Tobacco smoking and thyroid function: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med. 2007; 167(13): 1428–32. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.167.13.1428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aiello, DP, DuPlessis, AJ, Pattishall, EG 3rd, Kulin, HE. Thyroid storm. Presenting with coma and seizures in a 3-year-old girl. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1989; 28: 571–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Awad, AG. The thyroid and the mind and emotions/thyroid dysfunction and mental disorders. Thyroid Foundation of Canada. 2000. Available from https://thyroid.ca/resource-material/articles/e-10-f/. Accessed Aug 16, 2018.
Martin, FI, Deam, DR. Hyperthyroidism in elderly hospitalised patients. Clinical features and treatment outcomes. Med J Aust. 1996; 164: 200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seeherunvong, T, Diamantopoulos, S, Berkovitz, GD. A nine year old girl with thyrotoxicosis, ataxia, and chorea. Brain Dev. 2007; 29: 660–1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cleveland Clinic. Septal myectomy. June, 2009. Available from http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/disorders/septal_myectomy Accessed June 22, 2015.
Maron, BJ, Olivotto, I. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In Mann, DL, Zipes, D, Libby, P, Bonow, RO, Braunwald, E, eds. Braunwald's heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders; 2015. pp. 1574–86.Google Scholar
Mayo Clinic Staff. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Feb 18, 2015. Available from www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy/home/ovc-20122102. Accessed June 22, 2015.
Cowley, DS, Roy-Byrne, PP. Hyperventilation and panic disorder. Am J Med. 1987; 83: 929.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, RA, Howell, JB. Definition of the hyperventilation syndrome. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1986; 22: 201.Google ScholarPubMed
Pfortmueller, CA, Pauchard-Neuwerth, SE, Leichtle, AB, et al. Primary hyperventilation in the emergency department: a first overview. PLoS One. 2015; 10: e0129562.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saisch, SG, Wessely, S, Gardner, WN. Patients with acute hyperventilation presenting to an inner-city emergency department. Chest. 1996; 110: 952.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, MA, Hendrickson, AW, Moynihan, TJ. Oncologic emergencies: Pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011; 61: 287–314.Google ScholarPubMed
Stone, MJ, Bogen, SA. Evidence-based focused review of management of hyperviscosity syndrome. Blood. 2012; 119: 2205–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fong, J, Khan, A. Hypocalcemia: updates in diagnosis and management for primary care. Canad Fam Physician. 2012; 58(2): 158–62.Google ScholarPubMed
Lockwood, A. Toxic and metabolic encephalopathies. In Daroff, RB, et al., eds. Bradley's neurology in clinical practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. Chapter 56.Google Scholar
Riggs, J. Neurologic complications of electrolyte disturbances. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 317–26.Google Scholar
Wysolmerski, J, Insogna, K. The parathyroid glands, hypercalcemia, and hypocalcemia. In Goldman's Cecil medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011. Chapter 253.Google Scholar
Lin, HC, Barkhaus, PE. Cranial nerve XII: the hypoglossal nerve. Semin Neurol. 2009; 29(1): 45–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldman, L, Schafer, A. Hypoglycemia. In Goldman's Cecil medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011. pp. 237–8.Google Scholar
Lockwood, A. Toxic and metabolic encephalopathies. In Daroff, RB, et al., eds. Bradley's neurology in clinical practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. Chapter 56.Google Scholar
Sircar, M, Bhatia, A, Munshi, M. Review of hypoglycemia in the older adult: clinical implications and management. Can J Diabetes. 2016; 40(1): 66–72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.10.004. Epub Dec 29, 2015.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zochodne, D, Toth, C. Diabetes and the nervous system. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 351–68.Google Scholar
Goldman, L, Schafer, A. Muscle diseases. In Goldman's Cecil medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2011. Chapter 429.Google Scholar
Kerchner, G, Ptacek, L. Channelopathies: episodic and electrical disorders of the nervous system. In Daroff, RB, et al., eds. Bradley's neurology in clinical practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. Chapter 64.Google Scholar
Moxley, R, Heatwole, C. Channelopathies. In Swaiman, KF, ed. Swaiman's pediatric neurology: principles and practice. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2012. pp. 1667–89.Google Scholar
Riggs, J. Neurologic complications of electrolytes disturbances. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 317–26.Google Scholar
Riggs, J. Neurologic complications of electrolytes disturbances. In Aminoff, MJ, Josephson, SA, eds. Aminoff's neurology and general medicine. London, UK: Elsevier; 2014. pp. 317–26.Google Scholar
Decaux, G, Soupart, A. Treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia. Am J Med Sci. 2003; 326(1): 25–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spasovaski, G, Vanholder, R, Allolio, B, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014; 170(3): G1–47.Google Scholar
Sterns, RH, Riggs, JE, Schochet, SS. Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia. N Engl J Med. 1986; 314: 1535.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Al-Azem, H, Khan, AA; Hypoparathyroidism. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 26(4): 517–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2012.01.004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhadada, SK, Bhansali, A, Upreti, V, Subbiah, S, Khandelwal, N. Spectrum of neurological manifestations of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism. Neurol India. 2011; 59: 586–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clarke, BL, Brown, EM, Collins, MT, et al. Epidemiology and diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016; 101(6): 2284–99. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3908.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fonseca, OA, Calverley, JR. Neurological manifestations of hypoparathyroidism. Arch Intern Med. 1967; 120(2): 202–6. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1967.00300020074009.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Felsenfeld, A, Levine, B. Approach to treatment of hypophosphatemia. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012; 60(4): 655–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Subramanian, R, Khardori, R. Severe hypophosphatemia: pathophysiologic implications, clinical presentations, and treatment. Medicine. 2009; 79(1): 1–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alchanatis, M, Zias, N, Deligiorgis, N, et al. Sleep apnea-related cognitive deficits and intelligence: an implication of cognitive reserve theory. J Sleep Res. 2005; 14, 69–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bruce, AS, Aloia, MS, Ancoli-Israel, S. Neuropsychological assessment of neuropsychiatric and neuromedical disorders. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2009.Google Scholar
Kozora, E, Filley, C, Julian, L, Cullum, C. Cognitive functioning in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mild hypoxemia compared with patients with mild Alzheimer disease and controls. J Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 1999; 12: 178–83.Google ScholarPubMed
Martin, DS, Grocott, M. Oxygen therapy in critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2013; 41(2): 423–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rothenhausler, HB, Ehrentraut, S, Stoll, C, Schelling, G, Kapfammer, HP. The relationship between cognitive performance and employment and health status in long-term survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome: Results of an exploratory study. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2001; 23(2): 90–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed