Madame Chevreau-Lemercier's appointment as the first national nursery school inspectress in 1837 was but one part of the July Monarchy's larger effort to address a host of social, economic, and political problems which might drive the populace to unruly behavior. Schools were a central concern of the government of King LouisPhilippe, the Orleanist installed after Parisian crowds doomed the second Bourbon Restoration king, Charles X, in July 1830. Education minister François Guizot sponsored the law of 28 June 1833, often dubbed the “charter of primary education” because it required each commune to provide a public primary school. Four years later Salvandy issued official guidelines for a newer institution which combined educational and charitable functions, the salle d'asile or nursery school. Each measure demonstrated the importance attached to education in a country facing not only the continuing problem of adjusting its political system to the ideals of liberty and equality enshrined by the Revolution of 1789 but also the substantial changes resulting from industrialization and urbanization in some areas. Schools could benefit both employers and workers in an economy where reading and writing seemed more useful than during an agrarian past.