Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T15:26:58.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

6 - Reconstructing the Influences on and Focus of the Learning Sciences from the Field's Published Conference Proceedings

from PART 2 - PRESENT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2016

Victor R. Lee
Affiliation:
Utah State University
Min Yuan
Affiliation:
Utah State University
Lei Ye
Affiliation:
Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences
Mimi Recker
Affiliation:
Utah State University
Michael A. Evans
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University
Martin J. Packer
Affiliation:
Universidad de los Andes, Colombia
R. Keith Sawyer
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Get access

Summary

In late 2010, the online services giant Google released a tool for public use called the Google Books Ngram Viewer. The Ngram viewer was a Web interface that enabled virtually anyone with an Internet connection to run frequency searches of character strings in a corpus of more than 5.2 million digitized books, or roughly 500 billion words, published between the sixteenth and twenty-first centuries. With these massive corpora at hand, a new branch of humanistic research has been established, dubbed “culturomics” (Michel et al., 2011). Culturomics enables investigators to examine changes over time reflected in print material associated with the lexicon being used and can offer evidence of social patterns and orientations within a language community. For example, one could use the Ngram viewer to chart how often the word “slavery” was printed over time and see that it increased dramatically in the years leading up to the US Civil War and had since declined substantially. Similarly, one could look at the appearance of technological innovations, such as the radio and the telephone, in print material and infer that the rate of cultural adoption of these technologies has increased over time. These kinds of capabilities are not contingent on the existence of the Ngram Viewer, but rather reflective of how analysts can look toward word usage in print materials from different times to understand changes within a community and culture (e.g., Lieberman et al., 2007).

What would such an approach tell us about the learning sciences (LS)? Granted, the field spans decades rather than centuries, and the corpus of associated text is modest even against the wide range of education research literature published during the same period of time. However, it is our suspicion that even for a field that is still emerging and establishing its academic identity, an examination of frequency of word use across different times could be informative for our understanding of the field. This chapter summarizes some of our efforts to do that work. Building upon an analysis presented in 2012 (Lee, Ye, & Recker, 2012), we provide here an elaborated comparative analysis of proceedings from the first and the most recent (at the time of this writing) LS conferences (Birnbaum, 1991; Polman et al., 2014), as well as a third conference, roughly collocated with the first LS conference (Gomez, Lyons, & Radinsky, 2010).

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Bang, M., Medin, D. L., & Atran, S. (2006). Cultural mosaics and mental models of nature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 104(35), 13868–13874.Google Scholar
Birnbaum, L. (Ed.). (1991). The International Conference on the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the 1991 ConferenceCharlottesville, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.Google Scholar
Brown, A. L. (1992). Design experiments: Theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions in classroom settings. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2(2), 141–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carvalho, G. S., Silva, R., & Clement, P. (2007). Historical analysis of Portuguese primary school textbooks (1920–2005) on the topic of digestion. International Journal of Science Education, 29(2), 173–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, D. B., D'Angelo, C. M., & Schleigh, S. P. (2011). Comparison of students’ knowledge structure coherence and understanding of force in the Philippines, Turkey, China, Mexico, and the United States. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 20(2), 207–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, A. (1992). Toward a design science of education. In O'shea, T. & Scanlon, E. (Eds.), New directions in educational technology, Vol. 96 (pp. 15–22). New York: Springer Verlag.Google Scholar
diSessa, A. A. (1988). Knowledge in pieces. In Forman, G. & Pufall, P. (Eds.), Constructivism in the computer age. Hillsdale, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
diSessa, A. A., & Cobb, P. (2004). Ontological innovation and the role of theory in design experiments. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 13(1), 77–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
diSessa, A. A., Hammer, D., Sherin, B., & Kolpakowski, T. (1991). Inventing graphing: Meta-representational expertise in children. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 10, 117–160.Google Scholar
Evans, M. E., Packer, M., Stevens, R., Maddox, C., Sawyer, R. K., & Larreamendy, J. (2010). The learning sciences as a setting for learning. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of the Learning Sciences, Vol. 2 (pp. 53–60). International Society of the Learning Sciences.
Garfield, E. (1972). Citation analysis as a tool in journal evaluation. Science, 178, 471–479.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gomez, K., Lyons, L., & Radinsky, J. (Eds.). (2010). Learning in the disciplines. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS 2010). Chicago: International Society of the Learning Sciences.
Grudin, J. (2011). Technology, conferences, and community. Communications of the ACM, 54(2), 41–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, R., & Phillips, N. C. (2013). Editorial: Looking forward from 10 years of published articles. Cognition and Instruction, 31(4), 377–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoadley, C. M. (2005). The shape of the elephant: Scope and membership of the CSCL Community. Paper presented at the 2005 Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, TaiBei, TaiWan.CrossRef
Hutchins, E. (1995). Cognition in the wild. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kienle, A., & Wessner, M. (2006). The CSCL community in its first decade: Development, continuity, connectivity. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 1(1), 9–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirby, J., Hoadley, C., & Carr-Chellman, A. A. (2005). Instructional systems design and the learning sciences: A citation analysis. Educational Technology Research and Development, 53 (1), 37–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koh, E., Cho, Y. H., Caleon, I., & Wei, Y. (2014). Where are we now? Research trends in the learning sciences. In Polman, J. L., Kyza, E. A., O'Neill, D. K., Tabak, I., Penuel, W. R., Jurow, A. S., O'Connor, K., Lee, T., & D'Amico, L. (Eds.), Learning and becoming in practice: The International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) 2014, Vol. 1 (pp. 535–542). Boulder, CO: International Society of the Learning Sciences.Google Scholar
Kolodner, J. (1993). Case-based reasoning. San Mateo: Morgan Kaufmann.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leary, H., Lee, V. R., & Recker, M. (2014). More than just plain old technology adoption: Understanding variations in teachers’ use of an online planning tool. In Polman, J. L., Kyza, E. A., O'Neill, D. K., Tabak, I., Penuel, W. R., Jurow, A. S., O'Connor, K., Lee, T., & D'Amico, L. (Eds.), Learning and becoming in practice: The International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) 2014 Vol. 1, (pp. 110–117). Boulder, CO: International Society of the Learning Sciences.Google Scholar
Lee, V. R. (2010). Adaptations and continuities in the use and design of visual representations in US middle school science textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 32(8), 1099–1126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, V. R., Leary, H. M., Sellers, L., & Recker, M. (2014). The role of school district science coordinators in the district-wide appropriation of an online resource discovery and sharing tool for teachers. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 23(3), 309–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, V. R., Ye, L., & Recker, M. (2012). What a long strange trip it's been: A comparison of authors, abstracts, and references in the 1991 and 2010 ICLS Proceedings. In van Aalst, J., Thompson, K., Jacobson, M. J., & Reimann, P. (Eds.), The future of learning: Proceedings of the 10th international conference of the learning sciences (ICLS 2012), Vol. 2 (pp. 172–176). Sydney, NSW, Australia: International Society of the Learning Sciences.Google Scholar
Lemke, J. L. (1998). Multiplying meaning: Visual and verbal semiotics in scientific text. In Martin, J. & Veel, R. (Eds.), Reading science (pp. 87–114). New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lieberman, E., Michel, J. B., Jackson, J., Tang, T., & Nowak, M. A. (2007). Quantifying the evolutionary dynamics of language. Nature, 449, 713–716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Markman, A. B. (1999). Knowledge representation. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Michel, J.-B., Shein, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., The Google Books Team, ... Aiden, E. L. (2011). Quantitative analysis of culture using millions of digitized books. Science, 331, 176–182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Penuel, W. R., Fishman, B. J., Cheng, B. H., & Sabelli, N. (2011). Organizing research and development at the intersection of learning, implementation, and design. Educational Researcher, 40(7), 331–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polman, J. L., Kyza, E. A., O'Neill, D. K., Tabak, I., Penuel, W. R., Jurow, A. S., O'Connor, K., Lee, T., and D'Amico, L. (Eds.). (2014). Learning and becoming in practice: The international conference of the learning sciences (ICLS) 2014. Boulder, CO: International Society of the Learning Sciences.
QSR International Pty Ltd. (2010). NVivo qualitative data analysis software, Version 9.
Roschelle, J., & Teasley, S. (1995). The construction of shared knowledge in collaborative problem solving. In O'Malley, C. (Ed.), Computer-supported collaborative learning (pp. 69–197). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Saxe, G. B. (1991). Culture and Cognitive Development: Studies in Mathematical Understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Sherin, B., Krakowski, M., & Lee, V. R. (2012). Some assembly required: How scientific explanations are constructed in clinical interviews. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 49(2), 166–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, K.-Y., Tsai, C.-C., & Lin, T.-C. (2014). Contemporary intellectual structure of CSCL research (2006–2013): A co-citation network analysis with an education focus. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 9(3), 335–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, E. V. (2009). The purchasing practice of low-income students: The relationship to mathematical development. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 18(3), 370–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×