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13 - Political Patronage in Asian Bureaucracies

from Part III - Autocracies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2023

B. Guy Peters
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Colin Knox
Affiliation:
Nazarbayev University, Kazakhstan
Byeong Seob Kim
Affiliation:
Seoul National University
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Summary

Patronage is present in the Asian countries examined in this collection. Several factors influence the extent and type of patronage. More institutionalised or stable party systems may be more effective in organising patronage on a partisan basis. If social structure is a strong influencing factor on patronage, then one would expect to see country studies identifying loyalty to clan, tribe or ethnic group. In fact, few countries claimed social structure as the dominant mode of patronage. We anticipated that political regime types were important in explaining patronage. The evidence across Asian countries is somewhat nuanced. Appointees in highly developed countries are more likely to be chosen for their public policy expertise than political loyalty. The evidence of the link between path dependency and political patronage is mixed. These studies of patronage in a range of Asian countries demonstrate both similarities and differences in how these appointments are used within governments. Although some countries attempt to disguise the existence of patronage, it does exist in some form. Despite its ubiquity, patronage manifests itself in different forms, and to differing degrees.

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Chapter
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Armstrong, T. J., 2016. Oswald Brierly and the Art of Patronage: A Colonial Journey.Google Scholar
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Panizza, F., Peters, B. G. and Ramos Larraburu, C. R., 2019. Roles, Trust and Skills: A Typology of Patronage Appointments. Public Administration, 97(1), pp. 147161.Google Scholar
Panizza, F., Peters, B. G. and Larraburu, C. R. eds., 2022. The Politics of Patronage Appointments in Latin American Central Administrations. University of Pittsburg Press.Google Scholar
Peters, B. G., and Pierre, J. 2004. Politicization of the Civil Service: Concepts, Causes, Consequences. In The Politicization of the Civil Service in Comparative Perspective (pp. 1325). Routledge.Google Scholar

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