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8 - Muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance: probing induced microscopic systems in condensed matter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2009

Kanetada Nagamine
Kanetada Nagamine
Affiliation:
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
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Summary

As mentioned at the beginning of Chapter 7, there have been two different attitudes in the experimenter's mind concerning the role of the μ+ in condensed matter, as shown schematically in Figure 8.1(a): at one extreme, the μ+ is treated as a gentle and passive probe to probe the condensed matter with minimal perturbation and to observe its intrinsic properties prior to the introduction of μ+; at the other extreme, the μ+ is treated as a violent and active probe introducing a perturbation in the host material so as to study new physics and chemistry created by the presence of the μ+. In this chapter, representative studies utilizing the second category, including similar studies of the μ−, are described.

The role of this type of muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance (μSR) studies is quite significant in its contribution to the growth of our human daily life: (1) the localization and diffusion of the light hydrogen isotope Mu (μ+ e−) simulates a behavior of a dilute hydrogen atom in metals and other condensed matter which is quite difficult to monitor and important in various aspects of industrial constructions ; (2) a trace impurity hydrogen-like atom can “passivate” electrical activity of donors and acceptors or “hydrogenate” dangling bonds in semiconductors ; (3) the lightest hydrogen atom can explore the most fundamental mechanism of hydrogen chemical reaction in terms of mass dependence ; (4) the electron brought in by the energetic light hydrogen can be used to probe electron transport in conducting polymers and biological macromolecules.

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Chapter
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Introductory Muon Science , pp. 142 - 169
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2003

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