Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 October 2019
Gonorrhoea is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a gram-negative diplococcus. The primary site of infection is the mucous membranes of the urethra, endocervix, rectum, pharynx and conjunctiva.
Transmission is usually by the direct inoculation of infected secretions from one mucous membrane to the other. Transluminal spread from urethra or endocervix may occur and cause epididymo-orchitis or prostatitis in men and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women. Haematogenous spread may also occur, causing skin lesions, arthralgia, arthritis and tenosynovitis (disseminated gonococcal infection).
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