Traditional statistical testing, sometimes called null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), and the use of p-values has come under strong criticism. This chapter looks at the social issues of achieving significance in statistics that has led to the problems of NHST. It also discusses, though, how the framework of severe testing provides a way to understand NHST as a means of uniting experiments, statistics and evidence for research ideas. When viewed this way, NHST can still be an important approach to data analysis in HCI.